(2) 인지론적 접근(cognitive approach)
Mandler 와 Sarason이 만든 시험불안 검사를 요인 분석한 Liebert 와 Morris (1967)는 시험불안이 두가지 요소 즉 염려(worry) 와 걱정(emotionality)으로 구성되어 있다고 했다. 염려는 시험불안의 인지적 측면을 지칭하는 것으로 주로 자신, 상황 또는 결과에 관한 부정적 예견을 말한
self-esteem,
appearance self-esteem etc.
중략
Cognitive approach
Self-esteem ⇔ your explanatory style
→ Controllability
How do you see the failure?
3 factors
- Pervasiveness: Specific? Or Universal?
- Permanence: The bad events will persist?
- Personalization: Is it my own fault?
⇒ Depending on how you see it,
the result can be changed!
at Valley Forge Hospital in Pennsylvania during the Korean War.
1954 Beck joined the faculty of the University of Pennsylvania
1958 Beck graduated in the Philadelphia Institute of Psychoanalysis
1961 work more intensely on his cognitive approach to depression, and he developed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
2012 He presently lives in Pennsylvania with his wife of 57 years, Phyllis.
researches on the socio-cognitive variables and situational factors that decide political conservatism with a construal approach. Hodson and Busseri’s (2012) research demonstrated that low cognitive ability correlated with a strong right-wing ideology and a high degree of prejudice. Also, Eidelman’s (2012) research demonstrated how low cognitive investment promoted political conservatism.
3. Types of Learning disability
1) Academic Learning disability
These Disabilities are also respectively termed "dyslexia"(Reading Disorder), "dysgraphia"(Writing Disorder), and "dyscalculia"(Mathematics disorder). Youth with learning disabilities most are reading disabled.
(1) Reading Disability
Children with reading problems may struggle to read excessively slowly or
Ⅰ.Outline
1. Definition of Learning disability
The term "Learning Disabilities" usually refers to developmental problems in reading, writing, and arithmetic ―the "three Rs" of the classroom that are essential to learning as well as to everyday functioning.
2. Epidemiology
Prevalence of learning disabilities ranges from 2~10 percent of U.S. school children, with rates for b
Ⅰ.Outline
1. Definition of Learning disability
The term "Learning Disabilities" usually refers to developmental problems in reading, writing, and arithmetic ―the "three Rs" of the classroom that are essential to learning as well as to everyday functioning.
2. Epidemiology
Prevalence of learning disabilities ranges from 2~10 percent of U.S. school children, with rates for b
본고는 지금까지 외국어 교육에 사용되어 온 교수법과 교수요목(Syllabus) 유형이 한국어 교육에 어떻게 적용되어 왔고 어떤 장단점을 가지고 있는지 살펴봄으로써, 현재의 한국어 교육이 어떤 위치에 있는지 자리매김하고 앞으로 한국어 교육이 지향해 나가야 할 바를 제시하는데 그 목적이 있다.
외
- 혐오통제는 불행한 결혼생활을 초래하는 주요 결정요인으로 알려져 있다. 역기능적인 결혼생활을 하는 배우자들은 문제들에 대해 혐오적인 통제-잔소리하기, 울기, 물러나기, 위협하기 등-를 시도함으로써 빈약한 문제해결기술을 지닌다. 이런 부부들의 경우 좀처럼 긍정적인 대안들을 조형하지 않
1.1.동기란?
① 동 기 : 단지 인간이 행동을 일으키고 그 행동을 지속하며 어떤 행동을 할 것인가를 설명하기 위해 도입된 가상 개념
② 린즈리가 정의한 동기
․ 어떤 목표를 지향하는 행동을 일으키고 방향을 잡아주고,유지되는 힘의 총합.즉 행동을 일으키는 활력과 방향이다.